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DVT

Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is the third most common cardiovascular disease, after myocardial infarction and stroke. 90% of DVTs occur in the lower extremities, and may extend proximally. Risk factors include age, trauma, obesity, previous venous thrombosis, varicosities, prolonged immobilization, malignancy, use of oral contraceptive pills, and hypercoagulable states. After a DVT has occurred, there is often permanent vein and valve damage, resulting in post-thrombotic syndrome, with chronic edema, skin pigmentation, venous claudication, and venous stasis ulcers in the extremities. Patients may be imaged for evaluation of both acute and chronic symptoms.

Sample Epic Order

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PDF icon MRI requisition form for DVT evaluation311.37 KB

Examples (click on images)

Pulmonary emboli and acute deep venous thrombosis
Deep venous thrombosis in left femoral.

References

 
1. Hadizadeh DR, Kukuk GM, Fahlenkamp UL, Pressacco J, Schäfer C, Rabe E, et al. Simultaneous MR arteriography and venography with blood pool contrast agent detects deep venous thrombosis in suspected arterial disease. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2012May;198(5):1188-95.
2. Pfeil A, Betge S, Poehlmann G, Boettcher J, Drescher R, Malich A, et al. Magnetic resonance VIBE venography using the blood pool contrast agent gadofosveset trisodium--an interrater reliability study. Eur J Radiol. 2012Mar.;81(3):547-52.
3. Lindquist CM, Karlicki F, Lawrence P, Strzelczyk J, Pawlyshyn N, Kirkpatrick IDC. Utility of balanced steady-state free precession MR venography in the diagnosis of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2010May;194(5):1357-64.
4. Spritzer CE. Progress in MR imaging of the venous system. Perspect Vasc Surg Endovasc Ther. 2009Jun.;21(2):105-16.
5. Ruehm SG, Wiesner W, Debatin JF. Pelvic and lower extremity veins: contrast-enhanced three-dimensional MR venography with a dedicated vascular coil-initial experience. Radiology. 2000May;215(2):421-7.